Reading Resistors 4 Band Silver Grey Black Brown
Resistor Reckoner
The following are tools to summate the ohm value and tolerance based on resistor color codes, the total resistance of a group of resistors in parallel or in series, and the resistance of a conductor based on size and conductivity.
Resistor color code calculator
Utilize this figurer to find out the ohm value and tolerance based on resistor colour codes.
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Parallel resistor computer
Provide all of the resistance values in parallel, separated by a comma "," and click the "Calculate" button to determine total resistance.
Resistors in serial computer
Provide all of the resistance values in series separated past a comma "," and click the "Calculate" button to decide full resistance.
Resistance of a Usher
Utilise the following to calculate the resistance of a conductor. This calculator assumes the conductor is round.
| Length: | |
| Diameter: | |
| Electrical conductivity: | S/thousandOr Select Fabric |
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Resistor Color Lawmaking
An electronic color code is a code that is used to specify the ratings of certain electrical components, such as the resistance in Ohms of a resistor. Electronic colour codes are too used to rate capacitors, inductors, diodes, and other electronic components, but are nearly typically used for resistors. Only resistors are addressed past this calculator.
How the color coding works:
The color coding for resistors is an international standard that is divers in IEC 60062. The resistor color lawmaking shown in the table beneath involves various colors that represent significant figures, multiplier, tolerance, reliability, and temperature coefficient. Which of these the colour refers to is dependent on the position of the color band on the resistor. In a typical four-band resistor, in that location is a spacing betwixt the third and the fourth band to indicate how the resistor should be read (from left to right, with the lonely band afterwards the spacing being the right-most band). In the explanation beneath, a iv-band resistor (the i specifically shown beneath) will exist used. Other possible resistor variations will be described after.
Significant figure component:
In a typical four-band resistor, the first and 2d bands correspond meaning figures. For this example, refer to the figure above with a greenish, red, blue, and gold ring. Using the table provided beneath, the dark-green band represents the number 5, and the red band is ii.
Multiplier:
The third, blueish band, is the multiplier. Using the table, the multiplier is thus i,000,000. This multiplier is multiplied past the significant figures determined from the previous bands, in this case 52, resulting in a value of 52,000,000 Ω, or 52 MΩ.
Tolerance:
The fourth band is not always present, but when it is, represents tolerance. This is a pct by which the resistor value tin vary. The gold ring in this example indicates a tolerance of ±5%, which can exist represented by the alphabetic character J. This ways that the value 52 MΩ tin vary by up to 5% in either direction, so the value of the resistor is 49.4 MΩ - 54.6 MΩ.
Reliability, temperature coefficient, and other variations:
Coded components have at least iii bands: ii significant figure bands and a multiplier, but at that place are other possible variations. For instance, components that are fabricated to military machine specifications are typically four-ring resistors that may take a fifth band that indicates the reliability of the resistor in terms of failure rate percentage per 1000 hours of service. Information technology is as well possible to have a fiveth ring that is the temperature coefficient, which indicates the change in resistance of the component equally a role of ambient temperature in terms of ppm/One thousand.
More usually, there are five-band resistors that are more precise due to a third significant figure ring. This shifts the position of the multiplier and tolerance band into the 4thursday and vth position equally compared to a typical four-band resistor.
On the most precise of resistors, a 6thursday band may be nowadays. The first iii bands would be the pregnant effigy bands, the 4thursday the multiplier, the 5th the tolerance, and the vith could exist either reliability or temperature coefficient. There are likewise other possible variations, but these are some of the more than common configurations.
| Color | 1st, 2nd, iiird Ring Pregnant Figures | Multiplier | Tolerance | Temperature Coefficient |
| Black | 0 | × 1 | 250 ppm/One thousand (U) | |
| Brown | i | × 10 | ±1% (F) | 100 ppm/K (South) |
| Red | two | × 100 | ±2% (Thou) | fifty ppm/K (R) |
| Orangish | 3 | × 1K | ±0.05% (Due west) | 15 ppm/K (P) |
| Yellow | 4 | × 10K | ±0.02% (P) | 25 ppm/One thousand (Q) |
| Green | five | × 100K | ±0.5% (D) | 20 ppm/Thou (Z) |
| Blue | 6 | × 1M | ±0.25% (C) | ten ppm/K (Z) |
| Violet | seven | × 10M | ±0.ane% (B) | 5 ppm/K (1000) |
| Grey | 8 | × 100M | ±0.01% (50) | 1 ppm/Yard (K) |
| White | 9 | × 1G | ||
| Gold | × 0.1 | ±v% (J) | ||
| Silver | × 0.01 | ±10% (Grand) | ||
| None | ±xx% (Chiliad) |
Resistors are circuit elements that impart electrical resistance. While circuits can be highly complicated, and there are many different ways in which resistors can be bundled in a circuit, resistors in complex circuits can typically be broken down and classified as being connected in serial or in parallel.
Resistors in parallel:
The full resistance of resistors in parallel is equal to the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of each individual resistor. Refer to the equation below for clarification:
Resistors in series:
The total resistance of resistors in series is simply the sum of the resistances of each resistor. Refer to the equation below for clarification:
Rtotal = Rane + R2 + Rthree ... + Rdue north
Resistance of a usher:
Where:
50 is the length of the conductor
A is the cross-sectional area of the usher
C is the electrical conductivity of the material
Source: https://www.calculator.net/resistor-calculator.html
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